WRITTEN AND DIRECTED BY
Richard Rowley
PRODUCED BY
A.C. Thompson
Karim Hajj
Jacqueline Soohen
CORRESPONDENT
A.C. Thompson
EDITORS
Jacqueline Soohen
Steve Audette, ACE
SENIOR PRODUCER
Frank Koughan
DIRECTORS OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Richard Rowley
Karim Hajj
CO-PRODUCER
Nick Verbitsky
REPORTERS
A.C. Thompson
Ali Winston
ORIGINAL MUSIC
Brian McOmber
James Falzone
ARCHIVAL PRODUCER
Lindsey Schneider
ASSISTANT EDITOR
Chris Bravo
CONSULTANT
Tish Stringer
ADDITIONAL REPORTING
Jake Hanrahan
James LaPorta
Josh Phillips
SOUND RECORDISTS
Joe Maggio
Damen Shaqiri
Tish Stringer
Jeremy Zunk
Stuart Marsh
ONLINE EDITOR/COLORIST
Jim Ferguson
ADDITIONAL ONLINE EDITOR/COLORIST
Lindsey Rundell Denault
SOUND MIX
Jim Sullivan
PRODUCTION ASSISTANT
James Swanson
VOICE-OVER
Lewis D. Wheeler
SPECIAL THANKS
Tom Yellin
Andy Sheehan
ARCHIVAL
AP Archive
AP Images
Axiom Images
The CONUS Archive
eFootage
F.I.L.M Archives
Ford Fischer and News2Share Inc.
Getty Images
NBC Universal Archives
Ruptly
Kenneth Spencer Research Library: Wilcox Collection
Wazee Digital
WTAE-TV
FOR PROPUBLICA
SENIOR EDITOR
Joseph Sexton
PRESIDENT
Richard Tofel
MANAGING EDITOR
Robin Fields
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Stephen Engelberg
FOR FRONTLINE
PRODUCTION MANAGER
Megan McGough ChristianSENIOR PROMOTION
PRODUCER
Missy Frederick
ON-AIR PROMOTION EDITOR
Barry Clegg
PRODUCTION COORDINATOR
Brenna Verre
ASSISTANT EDITORS
Deb Holland
Joey Mullin
POST PRODUCTION ASSISTANT
Tessa Maguire
FOR WGBH OUTPOST
DIRECTOR OF POST PRODUCTION
Chris Fournelle
SENIOR DIRECTOR OF
PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Tim Mangini
SERIES MUSIC
Mason Daring
Martin Brody
SENIOR DIRECTOR OF STRATEGY & AUDIENCE
Pamela Johnston
DIGITAL WRITER & AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIST
Patrice Taddonio
AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT EDITOR
Katherine Griwert
DATA ANALYST
Ben Abrams
AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT SPECIALIST
Anne Husted
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT
Julia Rod
DIGITAL PRODUCTION ASSISTANT
Gabrielle Berbey
EDITOR AND PRODUCER, AUDIO
Jeb Sharp
SERIES PRODUCER, AUDIO
Sophie McKibben
SERIES COORDINATING PRODUCER
Amy Gaines
ARCHIVES & RIGHTS MANAGER
John Campopiano
LEGAL
Eric Brass
Jay Fialkov
Janice Flood
SENIOR CONTRACTS MANAGER
Gianna DeGiulio
BUSINESS MANAGER
Sue Tufts
BUSINESS DIRECTOR
Mary Sullivan
SENIOR DEVELOPER
Ly Chheng
SENIOR DIGITAL DESIGNER
Dan Nolan
FRONTLINE/COLUMBIA
JOURNALISM SCHOOL FELLOWSHIPS
ABRAMS JOURNALISM FELLOW
Marcia Robiou
TOW JOURNALISM FELLOW
Catherine Trautwein
FRONTLINE/FIRELIGHT INVESTIGATIVE
JOURNALISM FELLOWS
Roopa Gogineni
Juliana Schatz Preston
DIGITAL REPORTERS
Priyanka Boghani
Leila Miller
Katie Worth
DIGITAL CONTENT CREATOR
Miles Alvord
DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCER
Jason Kashdan
SENIOR DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCER
Michelle Mizner
SENIOR EDITOR & REPORTER
Sarah Childress
SENIOR STORY EDITOR
Lauren Ezell Kinlaw
POST COORDINATING PRODUCER
Robin Parmelee
DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL VIDEO
Carla Borras
SENIOR EDITOR AT LARGE
Louis Wiley Jr.
SPECIAL COUNSEL
Dale Cohen
SENIOR PRODUCER
Frank Koughan
MANAGING EDITOR
Andrew Metz
MANAGING DIRECTOR
Jim Bracciale
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER AT LARGE
David Fanning
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER
Raney Aronson-Rath
A FRONTLINE Production with Midnight Films, LLC
in partnership with ProPublica
© 2018
WGBH Educational Foundation
All Rights Reserved
FRONTLINE is a production of WGBH/Boston,
which is solely responsible for its content.