Be Green
The dark side of the CFL
Friday, Jun. 12, 2009 | 05:44 PM AT

You've heard of CFLs, right? Compact fluorescent lightbulbs. (Cue the violins) They're supposed to be the best thing since sliced bread when it comes to energy efficiency in the home. Our own government wants to ban incandescent lightbulbs (so-called "regular" bulbs that use tungsten and give off heat) by 2012 and force folks to switch over to CFLs. But there's a huge problem with that.
And it might be costing you and your family your health!
What's wrong with CFLs?
Environmentally speaking, many things:
* Mercury: CFLs contain mercury, a known neurotoxin. This means that if a lightbulb breaks, you have a hazardous waste problem on your hands. Think I'm exaggerating? Here's what the EPA recommends you do in the case of a broken CFL:
Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room
* Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out.
* Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more.
* Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.
Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces
* Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
* Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
* Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag.
* Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.
Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug
* Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
* Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
* If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken.
* Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.
Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials
* If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage.
* You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.
* If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.
Disposal of Clean-up Materials
* Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup.
* Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials.
* Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.
Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming
* The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming.
* Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.
Scared yet?
It gets worse...
Even if they don't break, CFLs could be harming your health in a more insidious way. By breaking creating what is known as "dirty electricity". (I suggest you follow that link so you can wrap your head around what dirty electricity is). Then, onwards...
* Diabetics: Dr. Magda Havas from Trent University studied diabetics in the context of EMF (electromagnetic frequencies). She found that those exposed to an environment with dirty electricity showed a spike in blood sugar in as little as half an hour! And when removed to a spot with clean power, their blood sugar dropped back to normal just as quickly. Which means that if you have Type 1 diabetes, you might actually need more insulin if you're in an environment with CFLs.
* Multiple Sclerosis: Dr Havas found that people with MS reported greater neurological symptoms when exposed to dirty power and improved dramatically when the power was cleaned up.
* Sick Building Syndrome: Dr Havas found that at one school in Wisconsin, kids and teachers were being treated for SBS. Once the buildings had been cleaned up of mold and other contaminants, the kids and teachers came back... and got sick all over again. They did an experiment and cleaned up the EMFs. Lo and behold, 37 of the kids who used inhalers for their asthma stopped needing them in school! And just so you don't think this is some sort of placebo effect, the kids still needed them at home in the same time period!
* Lupus: Folks with lupus can get radiation burns just from sitting next to a lamp with a CFL bulb in it! Even healthy folks shouldn't install CFLs in fixtures that are less than 1 metre away from their bodies (bedside lamps, reading lamps, desk or worktable lamps, etc). Global's 16 X 9 has a pretty chilling report on the subject.
* Migraines: There's compelling evidence that some people are electrically sensitive. Dr Havas's research suggests that as many as 1 in 3 Canadians has some degree of electrical sensitivity. And this may cause migraines. And what are these folks going to do in 2012 when there are likely going to be CFLs at work, at home and in the malls? Where will electrically sensitive people hide?
Do your own experiment
Dr Havas suggests that if you're suffering from frequent migraines, arthritic aches and pains, a feeling of chronic fatigue, stress, tiredness, rashes or other weird symptoms, try removing ALL the CFLs in your home for a month. See if your symptoms go away. And then decide accordingly.
What you should know
* CFLs chop up the electric current in your home causing dirty electricity.
* This affects sensitive electrical equipment and we now know that it affects human health as well.
* Having a CFL on your home's electrical circuit will create dirty electricity ALL ALONG THAT CIRCUIT, not just in the room where the bulb is on! This is why it's important to remove ALL your CFLs if you're doing Dr. Havas's suggested experiment.
* CFLs create dirty electricity and also give off harmful radio frequencies (that some sensitive people can actually hear!). They also give off UV rays that can harm the very young and those that suffer from lupus and other such illnesses.
* CFLs aren't the only source of dirty electricity. You should seriously consider bringing all your dimmers and DECT phones and baby monitors (just look on the phone cradle, it should be written on it) to the local eco centre for safe disposal. These items are especially dangerous because they give of harmful EMFs even when not in use!

Is there an energy efficient but safe alternative?
YES! Tom Nadas makes his living measuring the dirty electricity in people's homes and suggesting safer alternatives. He says that LED lightbulbs are the way of the future. Well, if we can get the government on board!
Why Nadas thinks LEDs are such a good idea:
* They're even more energy efficient than most CFLs
* They are virtually indestructible and contain no mercury
* They last a long, long time (great from both an economic and ecological perspective)
* Best of all, they don't give off dirty electricity
The cons of LEDs
* For the moment, they're expensive (just the way that CFLs were when they first came out)
* They don't give off a ton of light. Yet.
That's it! These are problems that could be fixed if there's enough demand and support. That's my opinion anyway. What's yours? Do you still think CFLs are a bright idea? Or are you going to take yours to an eco-centre? Leave me a comment or call (514) 597-5626.
UPDATE (June 15):
One thing I wanted to include but didn't get to was Health Canada's take on CFLs and dirty electricity. This morning I spoke with Philippe Laroche at Health Canada's Environmental Health Department and he was nice enough to answer my questions.
1. Is Health Canada aware that people like Magda Havas are finding problems with CFLs?
Health Canada acknowledges that some Canadians may be concerned about the effects of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) on human health, particularly those with certain health disorders and skin sensitivities, such as
Xeroderma pigmentosum and Lupus erythematosus.
The research we are in the process of conducting will better enable us to take necessary action, if required, to protect both the general public and the small group of people with sensitivities to CFLs.
2. What is Health Canada's take on CFLs?
Most scientific evidence to date shows that UV radiation levels from fluorescent light sources are not a safety concern for majority of the population. Nevertheless, Health Canada is currently undertaking a study of the UV radiation and Electric and magnetic fields (EMF) emission levels from CFLs. Following the completion of our study, if there's any cause for concern, Health Canada will take appropriate action by working with the manufacturers or distributors to correct any issues.
3. Is Health Canada doing its own research to verify or dispute Dr. Havas's claims?
Even though the bulk of scientific studies to date have not identified any health related issues associated with the use of these bulbs for the general population, Natural Resources Canada asked Health Canada to test the UV radiation levels in the bulbs. Through this testing Health Canada will acquire reliable technical data to assist in our risk evaluation and risk management. If the tests establish that there are reasons for concerns, Health Canada will take appropriate action by working with the manufacturers or distributors to correct any issues.
4. What is Health Canada's take on LED lights?
Health Canada has neither initiated an evaluation nor been requested to investigate light-emitting diode (LED) lights.
I'm happy to hear that Health Canada is looking into the issue of UV radiation and EMF effects. Their British counterpart, the Heath Protection Agency published this advisory on the subject. I got a lot of phone calls about this piece. Many were from folks who said they would remove the CFLs and perhaps try Dr Havas's proposed experiement. But some were rather angry and called EMF concerns ridiculous. Given that even Health Canada is still doing its own research into the subject, this strong response surprises me. What do you think? Leave me a comment or call (514) 597-5626
« Previous Topic | Main | Next Topic »
« Previous Topic | Main | Next Topic »
Comments (5)
Keith D
Montreal
Yes, the mercury content is worrisome, as it is with any fluorescent light that must be eventually trashed.
However I take *strong* exception to your presentation of "Dirty Electricity".
I am an amateur radio operator of repute and long standing, and I have much experience of electrical and radio fields.
Putting a cell phone next to your head for long periods is potentially dangerous. Living in Montreal, we are exposed daily to strong and large electro-magnetic fields, not to speak of the CBC television and radio antennas on Mount Royal...
But the idea of "Dirty Electricity" verges on the idiotic. It approaches the "Aliens Ate My Brain", "UFO Illuminati Run the Government" tabloid train of broadcasting.
Ms.Nadkarni, please meet with some of the CBC personnel responsible for your transmitters, and learn a bit more about the nature of radio frequencies.
With much respect and thanks,
Keith Daniel
Geeta says: I am always open to constructive critcism, Keith. But I'm not sure I fully understand what your criticism is in this case...Perhaps you could elaborate a little on what it is you find preposterous (given that I've backed up what I've written with proven scientific research). Are you saying that Dr. Havas's (and she is by no means alone in this) research falls in the realm of "Aliens Ate my Brain"? Because I can't agree with that.
I understand your scepticism. (And by the way, to balance the picture, I've posted what Health Canada thinks of CFLs-- check out the "update" above).
There is one thing I always think about when I read about science the way we humans practise it: what we "know" is only as good as the tests we devise to measure it. Only too often, our methods are faulty and lead us to faulty conclusions. I'll give you an example to tell you what I mean: When it comes to food, everyone talks about calories or protein or fat or carbs. No one talks about "living foods". If you talk about life force in foods, people look at you like you're talking about little green men. Even fewer people will be willing to acknowledge that your emotional state when you eat may affect whether your food gets efficiently burned or goes straight to your hips. But now more and more experts agree that eating "real" or "whole" foods while they're fresh give the body vital nutrients that we don't yet know how to measure or even identify. Call this crazy, but thousands of obese people who've changed the way they eat will tell you otherwise. Just because we can't measure it or can't explain how or why it works doesn't mean it doesn't affect us. Just something I always think about. Because there are too many people who are dealing with electrical sensitivity for this to be a total hoax.
Posted June 12, 2009 08:12 PM
catwolf
Montreal
There's more.
You forgot to mention exposure to higher UV radiation emitted by those CFLs.
Really, there's nothing environmentally good or healthy good about those.
And I happen to have work for Hydro for 38 years, 28 of which at IREQ.
A colleague made a test of those for energy consumption and what is advertised or said is completely wrong.
Once again, consumers are beind misled.
What a shame.
Geeta says: Hi Catwolf, thanks for writing in. I know how you feel--- the more I read and research, the more I seem to find that's wrong with CFLs. And yet, when you ask people if they'd use them, most say yes! Scary times.
Posted June 14, 2009 12:38 PM
Tom Nadas
Montreal
“Dirty electricity” may be a recently coined term, but it isn’t anything new. It is caused by high frequency transients and harmonics that ride along the low frequency electrical signal, and electric utility companies, like Hydro Quebec, simply call it low power quality.
Studies show that exposure to high levels of high frequency electromagnetic radiation can have serious health effects, and just as Keith mentions, it’s not advisable to talk on a cell phone for extended periods of time for this very reason. However, we are finding an increasing number of people who are sensitive to longer term exposures at lower levels as well.
In our everyday lives, many of us are exposed to electromagnetic fields which originating either directly or indirectly from the power grid. Many of us work, rest, and even sleep within such an electromagnetic field and when the power is “dirty”, the resulting exposure is in the radio frequency range. Sure the level is much less than when we talk on a cell phone, but we only talk on the phone for a few minutes at a time. However, we sit and sleep in these lower level radio frequencies for hours on end, and researchers like Magad Havas are finding that such exposure also has a negative effect on our health.
Dirty electricity comes from a wide range of sources, one of which is from all the electronic devices which we have been adding onto our power grid over the past decade. Replacing all incandescent lights to electrical polluting CFLs will significantly increase current levels. So, we really need to slow down and make sure we better understand the health consequences of our actions, before we mandate such a significant change.
Posted June 16, 2009 11:47 AM
John E. Crawford
McGill_University
Dear Geeta:
I too am concerned about CFBs, but for none of the reasons you've mentioned.
It's often said that CFBs are great for the environment because unlike incandescent bulbs there is less 'waste' heat. In cold climates - like Quebec's for much of the year - heat from incandescents is NOT wasted. If you heat your home with oil or gas, the heat not supplied by the bulb must be provided by that fuel, which adds CO2 to the atmosphere. Since our electricity is hydroelectric, the bulb's energy adds no atmospheric contaminants.
You mentioned mercury contamination in bulb disposal, but there are other considerations both in the manufacture of CFBs and their disposal. If you take apart the CFBs ballast (the white cylinder below the bulb itself) you will find something like 50 separate soldered components - resistances, capacitances, transformers and diodes. Most CFBs I have seen come from China - hardly a poster child for green manufacturing technology. Disposing of all of this is very wasteful. I am also very skeptical of the claims for extended CFB lifetime; none of mine have lasted longer than 6 months, and I believe that the ballast components are responsible for the failures. In one case I have heard of, the ballast overheated and burned.
I believe that most of the claims for the 'greenness' of CFBs is a marketing ploy, and I am very concerned about proposals to phase out incandescents. It's far too soon to consider that step. Although LEDs may eventually provide a better solution that time has not yet come.
Regards,
John Crawford
Geeta says: Thanks so much for writing in with all this information. I had read peripherally about many of the things you mention, and I must admit they worry me too. One problem I encountered with putting this info up on the blog was that much of the writing seemed to be on other independent blogs. There was almost no mention in the mainstream media. Interesting. It's hard to judge if that means the claims are unfounded or that they're legitimate but being quashed by larger interests. Kudos to my TV and radio producers for not shying away from this subject though-- we all discussed how controversial it is and after much background checking and study-reading, we decided to run with it. Keep that feedback coming!
Posted June 16, 2009 01:24 PM
James Hanns
Montreal
Keith really needs to do a little more research before he shoots off his mouth.
Let me enlighten out ignorant freind:
In the United States and Canada we use electric current that alternates at a rate (AC) 60 times per second, or at 60 hertz (Hz). This falls into the extremely low frequency (ELF) below 3,000 hertz (3 kHz), range on the electromagnetic spectrum.
All modern electronic devices including computers, TVs, stereos equipment and CFL and low-voltage lighting, etc. use transformers and power supplies to convert our "relatively clean" 60 Hz AC current to the low voltage power used to power all of our modern electronic devices. To save energy these devices use power supplies that "chop-up" our conventional AC voltages, using it in short bursts as opposed to a smooth continuous flow of current. This constant stopping and starting of the electrical current causes a combination of what electronic engineers call "electrical transients and harmonics".
These sudden voltage fluctuations are predominantly a result of the operation of switching power supplies in computers, energy-efficient (low voltage) lighting and other electronic devices. In layman's term's it's referred to as "electrical feedback" or "electrical noise".
If the current flowing through a conductor (wire) is made to oscillate at a very rapid rate (3 KHz or greater) the floating electromagnetic field will break free and be launched into space and is now considered to be a radio frequency - this phenomennia is know as electromagnetic radiation.
A typical CFL bulb operates at a frequency of 50 to 100 kHz, so this falls into the radio frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In essence these lights chop-up the 60 Hz voltage 50-100 thousand times a second producing radio waves. These radio frequency pulses go down the wire and this high frequency energy "radiates" from wires and any electrical and electronic devices plugged into dirty circuits.
James Hanns
Posted June 18, 2009 07:46 AM