Google's executive chairman is preparing to travel to one of the last frontiers of cyberspace, North Korea, in a trip the U.S. State Department considers poorly timed.

Eric Schmidt will be travelling to North Korea on a private, humanitarian mission led by former New Mexico governor Bill Richardson that could take place as early as this month, according to two people familiar with the group's plans who asked not to be named because the visit had not been made public.

The trip would be the first by a top executive from U.S.-based Google, the world's largest internet search provider, to a country considered to have the most restrictive internet policies on the planet.

The visit has been discouraged by the State Department, which expressed its disapproval on Thursday.

"We don't think the timing of this is particularly helpful," spokeswoman Victoria Nuland told reporters, adding that Schmidt and Richardson are well aware of the recently heightened tensions between the U.S. and North Korea.

In December, North Korea defiantly shot a satellite into space on the back of a three-stage rocket.

Pyongyang hailed the launch as major step in its quest for peaceful exploration of space, but Washington decried it as a covert test of long-range ballistic missile technology.

Limited access to internet

North Korea is in the midst of what leader Kim Jong Un called a modern-day "industrial revolution" in a New Year's Day speech to the nation Monday. He is pushing science and technology as a path to economic development for the impoverished country, aiming for computers in every school and digitized machinery in every factory.

However, giving citizens open access to the internet has not been part of the North's strategy. While some North Koreans can access a domestic intranet service, very few have clearance to freely surf the World Wide Web.

It's highly unlikely Google will push to launch a business venture in North Korea, said Victor Cha, a Korea expert who was a senior Asia specialist in the administration of former president George W. Bush.

"Perhaps the most intriguing part of this trip is simply the idea of it," said Cha, an analyst with the Center for Strategic and International Studies think-tank in Washington. Kim Jong Un "clearly has a penchant for the modern accoutrements of life. If Google is the first small step in piercing the information bubble in Pyongyang, it could be a very interesting development."

It was not immediately clear who Schmidt and Richardson expect to meet in North Korea, a country that does not have diplomatic relations with the United States. North Korea has almost no business with companies in the U.S., which has banned the import of North Korean-made goods.

North Korea likely is more interested in Google products such as email, maps and other content, said Lim Eul-chul, a North Korea expert at Kyungnam University in South Korea.

"North Korea has made a lot of investment in science and technology, not just for military purpose but also for the industry and practical reasons," Lim said, predicting that Pyongyang may ask Google to let their experts learn from the U.S. company about upgrading its software and content.

Vocal advocate

Schmidt has been a vocal advocate of providing people around the world with internet access and technology.

As Google's chief executive for a decade until 2011, Schmidt oversaw Google's ascent from a small California startup focused on helping computer users search the internet to a global technology giant making inroads into mobile phone markets as well as mapping.

Google now has offices in more than 40 countries, including all three of North Korea's neighbours: Russia, South Korea and China, another country criticized for systematic internet censorship.

After being accused of complying with China's strict internet regulations, known as "the Great Firewall of China," Google pulled its search business from the world's largest internet market in 2010 by redirecting traffic from mainland China to Hong Kong. The company maintains other businesses in China, but a recent transparency report shows Google's services there sporadically are blocked.

Since stepping aside as CEO, Schmidt has served as Google's executive chairman, largely responsible for the company's external relationships with policymakers, business partners and governments around the world.

And in recent months, Schmidt had been working with Jared Cohen, a former U.S. State Department policy and planning adviser who heads Google's New York-based think-tank , on a book about the internet's role in shaping society. "The New Digital Age" is due to be published in April.

Schmidt's message: The internet and mobile technology have the power to lift people out of poverty and political oppression.

"The spread of mobile phones and new forms of connectivity offer us the prospect of connecting everybody," he said in commencement speech at Boston University in May. "When that happens, connectivity can revolutionize every aspect of society: politically, socially, economically."