The U.S. Interior Department issued a detailed proposal on Friday for widespread oil and gas drilling off both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts in areas that have not had energy exploration for decades.

The proposal, issued in the Bush administration's final days, calls for oil and gas leases to be made available within two to six years "in areas of hydrocarbon potential" from New England to Florida and off the length of California.

Until recently, these regions of the Outer Continental Shelf have been declared off limits to drilling by Congress and by presidential executive order.

It will be up to president-elect Barack Obama to decide whether to proceed with Interior's revised five-year leasing plan, which would cover the years 2010 to 2015. He could scale it back or scrap it altogether.

Interior officials said they wanted to give the next administration maximum flexibility to expand offshore drilling.

"The future of these initiatives and projects now rests with the next administration," said Randall Luthi, director of the Minerals Management Service. "By starting this new five-year program when we did, we give the new administration the option of actually starting two years earlier than they normally would."

"All options are up to them," he added.

Obama pick leans toward scaling back exploration

Colorado Sen. Ken Salazar, Obama's choice as interior secretary, has indicated he likely will want to scale back the Bush administration's offshore drilling agenda.

"There are places in the Outer Continental Shelf that are appropriate for drilling. There may be other places that are off limits," Salazar said Thursday during his Senate confirmation hearing and before the revised plan was issued.

"We need to have a thoughtful process as we go forward," said Salazar.

Congressional Democrats also have indicated that while they have no intention to return to the broad drilling bans that covered 85 per cent of the Outer Continental Shelf, some areas — especially off California and off the Northeast — are likely to again be protected from energy development.

The proposed drilling agenda issued by Interior's Minerals Management Service on Friday assumes no such action.

Drilling access proposed in ecological preserve

It schedules three lease sales, in 2012-2015, off California in the Point Arena Basin off the state's northern coast and in the Santa Maria, Santa Barbara/Ventura and Oceanside/Capistrano basins in the south.

Access to oil and gas in an ecological preserve off Santa Barbara would be allowed, but only through directional (slant) drilling.

The plan calls for five leases, the earliest in 2011, off the Atlantic coast, including one in an area stretching from Maine to New Jersey and another in an area from South Carolina to Florida.

Three leases are planned for the mid-Atlantic region including one, previously announced, off Virginia. While the Virginia lease would require an 80-kilometre protective buffer from shore, the subsequent leases would not.

The offshore development plan would replace a five-year drilling blueprint that currently extends to 2012 and was initiated last summer in anticipation that the longstanding congressional ban on drilling would expire. In October, Congress declined to renew the ban that had been in effect since the early 1980s.

The plan also calls for a number of leases off Alaska and the Gulf of Mexico, mostly in waters that have not been subject to drilling moratoria.