Emergency Preparedness Canada recommends maintaining a box of emergency items, including a well-stocked first aid kit. (iStock)

Necessities listed in the 1969 11 Steps to Survival brochure included 14 cans of evaporated milk, two packages of crackers, seven 14-gallon containers of water for each adult, a battery-powered radio, polyethylene bags that can double as a toilet, playing cards, knitting, women's basic cosmetics and safety matches. The pamphlet, issued by the Canada Emergency Measures Organization, suggested Canadians should maintain provisions that would last for 14 days in the event of a nuclear disaster.

While the days of building fallout fortresses have long since passed, the need for maintaining a stash of emergency supplies — albeit a much more barebones survival kit — continues owing to the threat of earthquakes, blizzards, power outages, tornadoes, droughts and floods.

As a rule of thumb, Emergency Preparedness Canada suggests maintaining enough provisions for at least 72 hours. The federal department estimates each adult will consume two litres of water per day. More water may be needed for cooking and cleaning.

Other items to pack in a lightweight container include non-perishable foods such as canned stews and fruits, energy bars, dried foods, instant coffee and tea. The expiry dates on food products and bottled water should be checked regularly.

Be sure to also stow away flashlights, money, a small supply of medicine, blankets, photocopies of important documents and photographs of loved ones in the event families become separated.

In addition to stashing a standard survival kit, people with disabilities should also ensure they carry with them a MedicAlert bracelet or ID and if necessary, supplies for a service animal. The Ontario government also notes people with disabilities should keep on hand the following supplies if applicable: a tire patch kit, a can of seal-in-air, inner tubes, heavy gloves, spare catheters and a lightweight manual wheelchair.

Meanwhile, enterprising businesses have created deluxe survival kits especially for time-crunched consumers seeking a little luxury in the event of an emergency. For example, the New York-based company Ice-Qube offers a hefty 44-kilogram box packed (priced at $924 US) with the essentials as well as Mylar blankets, powdered electrolyte drinks, lifesavers, condoms, a harmonica, and a battery-powered handheld fan.

Other retailers include items such as water filters and water purification tablets, waterproof matches, dust masks, liquid hand sanitizer, packaged wipes and hand warmers.

Similarly, earthquake-ready Japanese consumers can purchase a deluxe dog emergency kit equipped with a canine tent, wet wipes, a first aid kit and bottled water.

Organizations such as the Red Cross sell standard emergency kits that include items such as a 50-hour candle, biohazard waste bags, dust masks, and a large SOS sign. St. John Ambulance also offers a kit that includes a first aid kit, leather safety gloves, a two-gallon water bag, and batteries.