Oilsands operators would have have to file plans for managing and shutting down their tailings ponds or face penalties which could include closure, under a new policy proposed by Alberta's Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB).

"Tailings ponds are an important environmental issue in Alberta and more and more, becoming the focus of national and international attention," said Dan McFadyen, ERCB chairman.

Tailings ponds are lakes that hold the waste left over from the oilsands extraction process.

Criticism over how Alberta regulates the environmental impact of the oilsands industry came to a head in April, when 500 ducks died after landing on a tailings pond owned by Syncrude. The incident made headlines around the world, and has become a flashpoint for critics who say the oilsands industry is placing too much strain on Alberta's environment.

McFadyen said many oilsands projects are not meeting targets for managing tailings.

"This directive will set firm requirements for oilsands operators to manage their tailings and meet those requirements or face enforcement action," he said.

Enforcement could range from increased audits and inspections for minor incidents, to a complete shutdown for repeated and serious infractions. The ERCB can also refuse to approve any applications for expansions or start-ups until an oilsands operator is in compliance.

Industry and other groups have until mid-September to comment on the proposal. A final version will be released in the fall.