General Motors CEO Fritz Henderson is still holding out hope that the company can restructure without court protection (Canadian Press)

Bankruptcy protection for General Motors Corp. is becoming more probable with a deadline just over two weeks away, the company's top executive told reporters Monday.

Chief executive Fritz Henderson is still holding out hope that the company can restructure without court protection, but he says the tasks to complete before a June 1 government-imposed deadline are large.

The automaker, Henderson said, is looking at its operations country by country to determine where it might have to file for bankruptcy, but he says a U.S. bankruptcy doesn't necessarily mean that GM would file in other locations.

"Certainly the task that we have in front of us is large," Henderson said during a conference call to update the company's restructuring efforts. "There is still an opportunity and still a chance for it to be done outside of a court process."

General Motors has received $15.4 billion US in U.S. loans, and the government deadline to restructure or seek Chapter 11 protection is just over two weeks away. But the company must reach concessionary agreements with unions, persuade thousands of bondholders to exchange $27 billion in debt for 10 per cent of GM's stock, cut thousands of dealers, close plants and lay off more salaried workers.

Under Chapter 11 reorganization, a company can stay in operation under court protection while it sheds debts and unprofitable assets to emerge in a stronger financial position.

Leaving Detroit?

Also Monday, Henderson left open the possibility that GM would move its corporate headquarters out of Detroit. The company, he said, is looking at everything within its business.

"It's not like we have that queued up at the top of our list," he said, adding that GM has a large number of people in Detroit and is proud to be here.

He would not comment about reports about Fiat Group SpA's interest in getting 80 per cent of GM's European Opel operations, saying that any structure must address the needs of both partners.

Henderson said GM has an urgent need for funding from the German government, so any partner for its European operations would have to be suitable to the government.

"We have a need for funding, actually, in our European business, that's important and urgent and the German government hasn't indicated an interest in running our business," Henderson said. "We're going to make sure that any partner we pick in this business is going to be suitable for them, so that if we need their support, we obviously want them to find any partner to be reasonable and acceptable."

Henderson cast doubt on reports that GM may sell its Latin American operations, saying they have consistently brought great returns to the company.

"This is a business that we know and like very much," he said.

GM is still in the process of negotiating with the United Auto Workers about six factories that intends to close, Henderson said, and it is negotiating with both the UAW and Canadian Auto Workers about concessions.