INDEPTH: CATHOLICISM IN CANADA
Canadian cardinals
CBC News Online | Updated April 4, 2005
There have been 15 Canadian cardinals in the 2000-year history of the pontificate. The newest is Marc Ouellet, former Archbishop of Quebec – North America's oldest Roman Catholic archdiocese. He is now one of three Canadian members of the assembly of cardinals that eventually will elect a new pope (cardinals over the age of 80 are not eligible to participate in the election).
Active cardinals
Cardinal Marc Ouellet, Archbishop of Quebec 2002 – present
Born in Lamotte, Que in 1944. The Vatican named him Archbishop of Quebec in 2002. Pope John Paul made him cardinal-priest on October 21, 2003.
Cardinal Aloysius Matthew Ambrozic, Archbishop of Toronto 1990 – present
Cardinal Ambrozic was born in Slovenia and emigrated to Canada in 1948. Pope John Paul appointed him cardinal in 1998.
Cardinal Jean-Claude Turcotte, Archbishop of Montréal 1990 – present
Born in Montreal, Turcotte was appointed cardinal in 1994 by Pope John Paul.
Retired
Cardinal Louis-Albert Vachon, Archbishop of Quebec 1981 – 1990
Vachon was the sixth Archbishop of Quebec to become a cardinal. Born in Quebec in 1912, his age makes him ineligible to participate in the selection of a new pope. Pope John Paul appointed him in 1985.
Cardinal Edouard Gagnon, president of the Pontifical Council for the Family 1985-1990, president of the Ponitifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses 1991 – 2001
Cardinal Gagnon was born in Port Daniel, Quebec in 1918. He was Bishop of Saint Paul, Alta., from 1969-1972. Pope John Paul made him a Cardinal-deacon in 1985 and elevated him to Cardinal-priest in 1996.
Deceased
Cardinal Gerald Emmett Carter, Archbishop of Toronto 1978 – 1990
Born in Montreal in 1912, he was appointed by Pope John Paul in 1979. Cardinal Carter died in April 2003.
Cardinal Paul Grégoire, Archbishop of Montréal 1968 – 1990
Grégoire was created a cardinal by Pope John Paul in 1988. He was born in Montreal in 1911 and died there in 1993.
Cardinal George Bernard Flahiff, Archbishop of Winnipeg 1960 – 1982
Paul VI made Flahiff a cardinal in 1969. Flahiff was born in Paris, Ont., in 1905 and died in Toronto in 1989.
Maurice Roy, Archbishop of Quebec 1947 – 1981
Cardinal Paul VI appointed Roy cardinal in 1965. He was born in Quebec and died in 1985.
Cardinal Paul-Émile Léger, Archbishop of Montréal, 1950 – 1968
Born in 1904 in Valleyfield, Que., Léger was made a cardinal by Pius XII in 1953. He died in Montreal in 1991.
Cardinal James Charles McGuigan, Archbishop of Toronto 1934 – 1971
Pius XII appointed McGuigan cardinal in 1946. McGuigan was born on Prince Edward Island in 1894. He died in 1974.
Cardinal Jean-Marie-Rodrigue Villeneuve, Archbishop of Quebec 1931 – 1947
Created a cardinal by Pius XI in 1933, the Montreal-born Villeneuve died in California in 1947.
Cardinal Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Archbishop of Quebec 1926 – 1931
Pius XI made Rouleau a cardinal in 1927. Rouleau died in 1931.
Cardinal Louis Nazaire Bégin, Archbishop of Quebec 1898 – 1925
Cardinal Bégin was created in 1914 by Benedict XV. He was born in Quebec in 1840 and died in 1925.
Cardinal Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau, Archbishop of Quebec 1870 – 1898
Taschereau was the country's first Canadian-born cardinal. He was appointed by Leo XIII in 1886. Cardinal Taschereau died in 1898.
Cardinal Thomas Weld, Coadjutor Bishop of Kingston 1826 – 1830
Cardinal Weld was created cardinal in 1830 by Pius VIII and is the first cardinal of Canada. He was born in London, England, but became Bishop of Kingston, Ont., before Confederation. Because of ill health, he never came to Canada. He died in 1837.
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