Wednesday: Pakistan Polio Shooting; Hillsborough Goalkeeper, Robert Bork Obit

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Highlights Include:

Part One:

*Pakistan Polio Shooting. The UN suspends its vaccination program after eight health workers are assassinated.
*Hillsborough. Former Goalkeeper Bruce Grobbelaar reacts to a new inquiry into the 1989 Hillsborough Stadium disaster.

Part Two:

*Archaeology Hoax. Experts are closing in on the prime suspect in the 100-year-old "Piltdown Man" hoax.
*Reading: Upon a Midnight Clear.  Margaret Laurence's short story, read by Donna White.

Part Three:

*Sarajevo Part 3. An encore presentation of our series that marked 20 years since the beginning of the siege.

Show:AS_IT_HAPPENS
Date:2012/12/19
Time:17:30:01

WEDNESDAY BILLS Duration: 00:01:40

Tonight:

Preventing prevention. In Pakistan, people providing polio immunizations to children are targeted -- forcing UNICEF to shut down its efforts to eradicate the disease.

Ankles away! That's what the snickering hoaxter behind "Piltdown Man" must have been thinking when he planted fake ancient bones a century ago -- and now, our guest believes he knows who that hoaxter was.

Revising revisionist history. The UK government announces a new inquiry into the 1989 Hillsborough Stadium disaster. I'll speak with Bruce Grobbelaar -- the Liverpool goalkeeper who played in that fateful match.

Uneasy lies the neck that holds up the head that wears the crown. New evidence seems to confirm a long-held theory that Pharaoh Ramses the Third was murdered -- specifically, that his throat was cut.

Are you there, Christmas? It's me, Margaret. Tonight's holiday reading is a reflection on the season, written by the late, lamented Margaret Laurence.

And...oh Lord -- stuck on "Lody" again. A farmer proposes to his beloved Jody via a message plowed into a two-hundred acre field with his tractor -- but accidentally begins her name with an enormous "L".

As It Happens, the Wednesday edition. Radio that knows it's illegal -- but suggests he should have J-walked.


PAKISTAN POLIO SHOOTINGS Duration: 00:05:30

Their efforts save the lives of children. And now, eight health workers in Pakistan have paid for that effort with their lives.

Today, armed men on motorbikes killed a woman working on the country's polio immunization campaign in Peshawar, and her driver. It was one of three separate attacks today. In another, a student volunteer was shot and critically wounded.

Today's assassinations follow six other targeted killings this week. No one has claimed responsibility, but the Taliban has vowed to kill those who are distributing the vaccine, accusing them of spying.

The United Nation's children's agency, UNICEF, and the World Health Organization have now suspended the polio-eradication campaign in Pakistan.

Sarah Crowe is a spokesperson for UNICEF. We reached her in New York.


NAVA JAM Duration: 00:00:15
Album:ONSU: THE OTHER SIDE/NAVAZ
Label:CUSTOM
Persons/Roles:
ALI RAZMI - COMPOSER
NAVAZ - FOLK GROUP
ALI RAZMI - SETAR
ERIC TOMPKINS - GUITAR
ERIC TOMPKINS - PRODUCER

HILLSBOROUGH GOALKEEPER Duration: 00:07:56

Today, the victims of one of Britain's worst sporting tragedies are a few steps closer to justice.

On April 15th, 1989, ninety-six fans of English soccer club Liverpool were crushed to death, after spectators were directed into already-overcrowded enclosures at the Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield.

At the time, an inquiry into the incident said the deaths were accidental. And authorities pointed blame at Liverpool fans for the disaster. But after a long fight by victims' families, today, that original verdict was quashed in the U.K. high court. And the British government has announced a fresh inquiry into what happened at Hillsborough.

Bruce Grobbelaar was the goalkeeper for Liverpool at the Hillsborough match in 1989. We reached him at home in Corner Brook, Newfoundland.


RIENDO Duration: 00:00:10
Album:TELESCOPE/MAZ
Label:CUSTOM, MAZ001
Persons/Roles:
MARC MAZIADE - COMPOSER
ROBIN BOULIANNE - VIOLIN
OLIVIER HEBERT - DOUBLE BASS
MAZ - JAZZ GROUP
MARC MAZIADE - ELECTRIC GUITAR
MARC MAZIADE - PRODUCER

OBIT: ROBERT BORK Duration: 00:03:03

He had a long career -- but he's defined by one rejection.

Robert Bork -- an American judge and legal scholar -- died today at the age of eighty-five.

As United States Solicitor General in the 'seventies, Mr. Bork carried out President Richard Nixon's firing of Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox -- when other officials chose to resign rather than fire him. He also pioneered the theory of "originalism", arguing that judges should only rule based on the Constitution.

But Robert Bork was best known for the firestorm around his nomination by Ronald Reagan for the Supreme Court in 1987.

Subsequent Senate confirmation hearings led to a fierce backlash against him -- in which he was vilified for his views on social issues like abortion and civil rights. He was rejected. And his name is now a verb: to be "Borked" means to be rejected for ideological reasons.

In 2002 he spoke to Michael Enright, host of CBC radio's The Sunday Edition. Here's part of their conversation:


I JUST CAME TO TELL YOU THAT I'M GOING Duration: 00:00:13
Album:MONSIEUR GAINSBOURG REVISITED
Label:BARCLAY, 000013
Persons/Roles:
SERGE GAINSBOURG - COMPOSER
JARVIS COCKER - ADAPTOR/LYRICIST
JARVIS COCKER - VOCALS
KID LOCO - PRODUCER

KING RAMSES DEATH Duration: 00:06:17

For more than three thousand years, the death of the Egyptian Pharaoh, King Ramesses The Third has been shrouded in mystery.

Ancient documents had pointed to a plot to assassinate the king, but other contradictory writings seemed to show he had survived. And now, new forensic analysis of the king's mummified body has led to a breakthrough. And researchers think they have at least one piece of the puzzle solved: how the Pharaoh died.

Professor Albert Zink is the head of the Institute for Mummies and the Iceman. He led the new research into King Ramesses' death and we reached him in Bolzano, Italy.


FAKE EMPIRE Duration: 00:00:14
Album:BOXER/NATIONAL
Label:BEGGARS BANQUET, BBQ CD 252
Persons/Roles:
NATIONAL - COMPOSER
PETER KATIS - PRODUCER
NATIONAL - POP GROUP
NATIONAL - PRODUCER

SCRIPT: PLOUGHED PROPOSAL Duration: 00:01:27

Loren Lentz certainly doesn't want to retract his marriage proposal. But he would definitely like to re-tractor it.

Last month, Mr. Lentz -- a farmer from Washington state -- set a romantic plan in motion: he would ask his girlfriend, Jody Schaefer, to marry him by plowing "Jody Will U Marry Me" into a two-hundred-acre field, in huge letters. Then he would take her up in a plane, and she would see the proposal from the air. So he got started, with the very best of intentions.

Well, in this case, the road to "L" was paved with good intentions. By which I mean, Loren Lentz goofed up the very first letter of his message. So, from the air, his beloved Jody was amazed and moved and also confused to read this message in letters more than a hundred metres tall:

"Lody Will U Marry Me".

Before they went up, Mr. Lentz knew he'd made a crucial mistake. His daughter had pointed it out. He told ABC News-dot-com, "Right off the bat, I just said, 'No I didn't.' Then I got to thinking, 'Oh, no, I did do it backwards.'"

Nevertheless, Lody -- I mean, Jody -- accepted. The couple will be married next month -- and we'd like to wish them the best of juck on that loyous occasion.

Now, here's Neil Young, with what we hope will be their first-dance song: "Field of Opportunity".


FIELD OF OPPORTUNITY Duration: 00:02:02
Album:COMES A TIME/YOUNG, NEIL
Label:REPRISE, CD 2266
Persons/Roles:
NEIL YOUNG - COMPOSER
BEN KEITH - PRODUCER
TIM MULLIGAN - PRODUCER
YOUNG NEIL - MALE VOCAL
NEIL YOUNG - PRODUCER
NEIL YOUNG - VOCALS

ARCHAEOLOGY HOAX Duration: 00:06:00

A hundred years ago this week, a discovery was made that had archaeologists feeling they were closer than ever to finding the so-called "missing link".

The find involved a series of discoveries of bones and other remains near the village of Piltdown in southern England. And at first, a whole lot of experts the remains to be hundreds of thousands of years old.

But alas, it turned out to be a hoax. And in 1953, the "Piltdown Man" was finally exposed as a fraud -- although the identity of the perpetrator was unknown.

Matthew Pope is part of an ongoing effort to identify who was behind the hoax. He's with the Institute of Archaeology at University College in London.


READING: UPON A MIDNIGHT CLEAR Duration: 00:15:51

For me, it was the baking. Or at least the smell of the baking. That's what I remember about Christmas at home. Even things like mincemeat and fruitcake could be made to smell delicious. I'd never actually eat them -- cookies and fudge were more my style -- but even gross, dried-fruit-filled food made the house smell great.

For writer Margaret Laurence, Christmas was about family, and community. From her collection Heart of a Stranger, this is Margaret Laurence's short story, "Upon a Midnight Clear." It's read by Donna White.


HOLIDAY REPEAT: SARAJEVO PART 3 (WHO KILLED SARAJEVO?) Duration: 00:29:13

In the Bosnian war, two million Bosnians were forced from their homes because of "ethnic cleansing". A hundred thousand people died. And the city of Saraejvo endured the longest siege in modern history.

In 1995, the Dayton Peace Accord finally ended the war. But it also split the country -- providing a territory for Serbs and another for Muslims and Croats. By everyone's account, today, the country simply doesn't function.

This outcome raises a lot of questions. Chiefly: did it have to turn out this way? Was there nothing the outside world could have done to stop the war? Or to protect Bosnia's ethnic minorities?

To put it simply: who killed Sarajevo?

Tonight in a repeat presentation of our series, "Sarajevo Remembered", Carol looks at how Bosnia's nationhood was lost.